Person Page - 10150

     Mary I Tudor, Queen of England was born on 18 February 1516 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G.² She was the daughter of Henry VIII Tudor, King of England and Catarina de Aragón, Infanta de Aragón. She married Felipe II von Habsburg, Rey de España, son of Karl V von Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabel de Aviz, Infanta de Portugal, on 25 July 1554 at Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, Hampshire, England^G.² She died on 17 November 1558 at age 42 at St. James's Palace, St. James's, London, England^G, from influenza.³ She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.³
     She gained the title of Queen Mary I of England on 19 July 1553.² She was crowned Queen of England on 30 November 1553 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and of the Church of England and also of Ireland on Earth Supreme Head.⁴' After her marriage, Mary I Tudor, Queen of England was styled as Queen Consort Mary of Spain on 16 January 1556.³
     Mary had been educated in the Roman Catholic faith by her mother. She married King Phillip II of Spain and was proclaimed Queen when the attempt to install Lady Jane Grey failed. Mary restored the Roman Catholic religion in England and the Protestants were ruthlessly persecuted. Bishops Latimer and Ridley were burned at the stake in Oxford in 1555 and the 67 year old Archbishop Thomas Cranmer who had himself arranged the burning of many heretics, was burned on the 21st March 1556. She joined Spain in a war against France, losing Calais in 1558, England's last toehold on mainland Europe. Mary was a very unhappy sovereign, she was childless, she had no affection from her subjects and her husband left her and returned to Spain. She has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁵
     

     stillborn daughter Tudor was born on 10 November 1518.¹ She was the daughter of Henry VIII Tudor, King of England and Catarina de Aragón, Infanta de Aragón. She died on 10 November 1518 stillborn.¹

     Anne Boleyn, Marquess of Pembroke was born circa 1501 at Blickling Hall, Blickling, Norfolk, England^G.³ She was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn, 1st and last Earl of Wiltshire and Lady Elizabeth Howard.^4,5 She married Henry VIII Tudor, King of England, son of Henry VII Tudor, King of England and Elizabeth Plantagenet, on 25 January 1533 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.³ She died on 19 May 1536 at Tower of London, The City, London, England^G, executed by beheading, for high treason and alleged adultery.³ She was buried at Chapel of St. Peter ad Vincula, Tower Hill, The City, London, England^G.⁶
     She was created 1st Marquess of Pembroke [England] on 1 September 1532, in tail male.^3,1 After her marriage, Anne Boleyn, Marquess of Pembroke was styled as Queen Consort Anne of England on 1 June 1533.³ Her marriage to Henry VIII Tudor, King of England was annulled on 17 May 1536.³

     Elizabeth I Tudor, Queen of England was born on 7 September 1533 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G.³ She was the daughter of Henry VIII Tudor, King of England and Anne Boleyn, Marquess of Pembroke.⁴ She was baptised on 10 September 1533. She died on 24 March 1603 at age 69 at Richmond Palace, Richmond, London, England^G, from blood posioning.³ She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.³
     She succeeded as the Queen Elizabeth I of England on 17 November 1558.⁵ She was crowned Queen of England on 15 January 1558/59 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith.⁵' She witnessed the marriage of Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester and Hon. Anne Russell on 16 June 1600 at St. Martins, Ludgate, England^G.⁶
     Elizabeth had a great knack of picking good advisers and Burleigh and Walsingham were among her ministers. Her first task had been to restore the very weak economy and then she established the Church of England. Throughout her reign Catholics were harshly persecuted. Mary Queen of Scots, the Catholic granddaughter of Henry VIII's sister Margaret and the French Dauphine, posed a threat and she was imprisoned and then executed. In 1588 the Spanish Armada of 130 ships set sail from Cadiz with the intention of collecting allies in the Netherlands and then invading England. The Queen left London for Tilbury where a defending force was assembling. On Friday 19 July 1588 the armada was sighted off the Lizard and the English Fleet of 80 ships under Lord Howard of Effingham together with Drake, Frobisher and Hawkins intercepted it in the Channel and caused havoc by setting fire-ships upon it. The weather deteriorated and the Spanish Fleet was blown around the North of Scotland wrecking many of their vessels. Only 53 returned to Spain. Elizabeth, who had been beautiful in youth, grew old and ugly and spurned the advances of the Earl of Essex and had him executed. She has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     stillborn son Tudor was born on 29 January 1536 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G.¹ He was the son of Henry VIII Tudor, King of England and Anne Boleyn, Marquess of Pembroke. He died on 29 January 1536 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G, stillborn.¹

     Jane Seymour was born in 1509/10 at Wulfhall, Savernake Forest, Wiltshire, England^G.² She was the daughter of Sir John Seymour and Marjory Wentworth.³ She married Henry VIII Tudor, King of England, son of Henry VII Tudor, King of England and Elizabeth Plantagenet, on 30 May 1536 at Whitehall Palace, Whitehall, London, England^G.² She died on 24 October 1537 at Hampton Court Palace, Kingston-upon-Thames, London, England^G, in childbirth.² She was buried on 12 November 1537 at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.⁴

     Edward VI Tudor, King of England was born on 12 October 1537 at Hampton Court Palace, Kingston-upon-Thames, London, England^G.³ He was the son of Henry VIII Tudor, King of England and Jane Seymour.⁴ He died on 6 July 1553 at age 15 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G, from pulmonary tuberculosis.³
     He gained the title of Duke of Cornwall on 12 October 1537.³ He succeeded as the King Edward VI of England on 28 January 1547.⁵ He was crowned King of England on 25 February 1547 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'King of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and of the Church of England and also of Ireland on Earth Supreme Head.⁵'
     Jane died immediately after Edward's birth and as he was the only male heir Henry had him transferred to a country estate so that his health should benefit from clean fresh air. Edward was only 9 when his father died and the Duke of Somerset acted as Regent. The young King continued with his studies and became a Protestant bigot. He had tuberculosis and probably knew that his life was closing and, under the influence of the Regent (the Duke of Northumberland), removed his two half-sisters Mary and Elizabeth from the succession and willed that the Protestant Lady Jane Grey should succeed him.⁶ He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁷
     

     Anne von der Mark-Kleve was born on 22 September 1515 at Düsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfahlen, Germany^G.³ She was the daughter of Johann III Graf von der Mark Herzog von Kleve Jülich und Berg and Marie Herzogin von Jülich und Berg. She was also reported to have been born on 22 September 1516. She married Henry VIII Tudor, King of England, son of Henry VII Tudor, King of England and Elizabeth Plantagenet, on 6 January 1540 at Greenwich Palace, Greenwich, London, England^G.³ She died on 17 July 1557 at age 41 at Chelsea Old Palace, Chelsea, London, England^G.³ She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.³
     She was also known as Anne of Cleves. Her marriage to Henry VIII Tudor, King of England was annulled on 9 July 1540 on the grounds that it was not consumated.³

     Johann III Graf von der Mark Herzog von Kleve Jülich und Berg was born on 10 November 1490 at Kleve, Germany.¹ He was the son of Johann II Graf von der Mark Herzog von Kleve and Matilde von Hessen-Marburg. He married Marie Herzogin von Jülich und Berg, daughter of Wilhelm III Herzog von Jülich und Berg and Sybil Prinzessin von Brandenburg, on 1 October 1510. He died on 6 February 1539 at age 48 at Kleve, Germany.¹
     He gained the title of Herzog von Berg. He gained the title of Herzog von Jülich. He gained the title of Herzog von Kleve.

     Marie Herzogin von Jülich und Berg was born on 3 August 1491. She was the daughter of Wilhelm III Herzog von Jülich und Berg and Sybil Prinzessin von Brandenburg.² She married Johann III Graf von der Mark Herzog von Kleve Jülich und Berg, son of Johann II Graf von der Mark Herzog von Kleve and Matilde von Hessen-Marburg, on 1 October 1510. She died on 19 August 1543 at age 52.