Person Page - 10191

     Reinoud II 'de Zwarte' Hertog van Gelre Graaf van Zutphen was born in 1295.² He was the son of Reinoud I 'de Strijdbare' Graaf van Gelre en Zutphen Hertog van Limburg and Margaretha de Dampierre-Namur.³ He married, firstly, Sophie Berthout Vrouwe van Mechelen on 13 January 1311 at Roermond, The Netherlands.¹ He married, secondly, Eleanor of Woodstock Plantagenet, daughter of Edward II, King of England and Isabelle de France, in May 1332.¹ He died on 12 October 1343 at Arnhem, The Netherlands.²
     He gained the title of Graaf van Zutphen. He was created Hertog van Gelre on 19 March 1339.¹

     Charlotte de Valois was born in 1516. She was the daughter of François I, Roi de France and Claude de Valois, Duchesse de Bretagne.

     Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England was born on 17 June 1239 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.³ He was the son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence. He was baptised on 21 June 1239 by Eudes, the Pope's legate.⁴ He married, firstly, Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu, daughter of Fernando III, Rey de Castilla y León and Jeanne d'Aumale, Comtesse de Ponthieu, on 18 October 1254 at Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain^G.⁵ He married, secondly, Marguerite de France, daughter of Philippe III, Roi de France and Marie de Brabant, on 10 September 1299 at Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England^G.¹ He died on 7 July 1307 at age 68 at Burgh by Sands, Cumberland, England^G, from dysentry, while marching against the Scots.⁶ He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.⁶
     He gained the title of Duke of Gascony in 1254.⁵ He was created 1st Earl of Chester [England] on 14 February 1253/54.⁴ He fought in the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, where he was taken priosner by the rebellious barons.⁴ On 24 December 1264 he was forced the deliver the Earldom of Chester into the hands of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, but received it back on 4 August 1265 on the death of Simon.⁴ He succeeded as the King Edward I of England on 20 November 1272.⁵ He was crowned King of England on 19 August 1274 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, and styled 'Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae et Dux Aquitaniae.⁷'
     Edward towered over his contemporaries - he was the then rare height of six feet two inches. He was on a Crusade at the time of his accession and returned to England in 1274. Reigning for 35 years he was a strong and wise King. He married Eleanor of Castille and, after her death Margaret, daughter of Phillip III of France. Edward had 16 children by Eleanor and three by Margaret, the most of any Monarch. He carried out much needed reform and clarification of the law. Starting in 1277 he set out to resolve the Welsh problem which had proved so troublesome in Henry III's reign. The area around Snowdon and Anglesy harboured Llewelyn and other warlike princes. Llewelyn was killed in battle and the Welsh resistance collapsed. The Statute of Wales in 1284 arranged for administration under a mixed English and Welsh law. Castles were built to secure the Principality, including Caernarvon where Edward's son (Edward) was born and who was created Prince of Wales in 1301. During his campaign in Wales, it was found that the long bow used by the Southern Welsh, was an amazingly effective weapon which would revolutionise forthcoming conflicts. Edward next marched on Scotland and won a crushing victory at Falkirk but Robert Bruce arose and made himself King of Scotland. Although known as The Hammer of the Scots, Edward had not succeeded in subjugating that noble land. Edward may be best remembered by the Model Parliament called in 1295. He has an extensive biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography.⁸
     

     Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu was born circa 1244 at Castile, Spain^G.² She was the daughter of Fernando III, Rey de Castilla y León and Jeanne d'Aumale, Comtesse de Ponthieu.¹ She married Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England, son of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence, on 18 October 1254 at Abbey of Las Huelgas, Burgos, Castile, Spain^G.² She died on 28 November 1290 at Harby, Nottinghamshire, England^G.² She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²
     She was also known as Eleanor of Castile.³ She gained the title of Queen Consort Eleanor of England on 19 August 1274.² She gained the title of Comtesse de Montreuil in March 1279. She gained the title of Comtesse de Ponthieu in March 1279.²

     Eleanor of England was born on 17 June 1264 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² She was the daughter of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. She married Alfonso III, Rey de Aragón, son of Pedro III, Rey de Aragón and Konstanze von Hohenstaufen, Regina di Sicilia, on 15 August 1290 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G, in a by proxy marriage.² She married Henry III de Bar, Comte de Bar, son of Theobald II de Bar, Comte de Bar and Jeanne de Toucy, on 20 September 1293.² She died on 12 October 1298 at age 34 at Ghent, Belgium^G.³ She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.³

     Joan of England was born circa June 1265 at Paris, France^G.² She was the daughter of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. She died before 7 September 1265 at France^G.² She was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²

     John of England was born on 10 July 1266 at Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² He was the son of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. He died on 3 August 1271 at age 5 at Palace of Westminster, Westminster, London, England^G.² He was also reported to have died circa 2 August 1272 at Westminster, London, England^G. He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²

     Henry of England was born on 13 July 1267 at Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England^G.² He was the son of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. He died on 14 October 1274 at age 7 at Merton, Surrey, England^G.² He was buried at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.²

     Juliana of England was born in 1271 at Acre, Israel^G.¹ She was the daughter of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. She died on 28 May 1271 at Acre, Israel^G.¹ She was also reported to have died circa 5 September 1271 at Holy Land^G. She was buried at Church of the Friars Preachers, Bordeaux, Dauphine, France^G.¹
     She was also known as Katherine of England.¹

     Joan of Acre was born circa April 1272 at Acre, Israel^G.² She was the daughter of Edward I 'Longshanks', King of England and Eleanor de Castilla, Comtesse de Ponthieu. She married, firstly, Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, son of Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester and Hertford and Matilda de Lacy, on 30 April 1290 at Westminster Abbey, Westminster, London, England^G.² She married, secondly, Ralph de Monthermer, Earl of Gloucester before 2 August 1297, without her father's consent, although this was pardoned on 2 August 1297. She died on 23 April 1307 at Clare, Suffolk, England^G.³ She was buried at Priory Church of the Austin Friars, Clare, Suffolk, England^G.³
     She was also known as Joan Plantagenet.⁴ From 30 April 1290, her married name became de Clare. From 1297, her married name became Monthermer.